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On real hardware, panic and machine reboot may not flush hardware cache
to memory. This means the persistent ring buffer, which relies on a
coherent state of memory, may not have its events written to the buffer
and they may be lost. Moreover, there may be inconsistency with the
counters which are used for validation of the integrity of the
persistent ring buffer which may cause all data to be discarded.
To avoid this issue, stop recording of the ring buffer on panic and
flush the cache of the ring buffer's memory.
Fixes: e645535a954a ("tracing: Add option to use memmapped memory for trace boot instance")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/177751969602.2136606.12031934362587643488.stgit@mhiramat.tok.corp.google.com
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/uml/linux
Pull uml updates from Johannes Berg:
"Mostly cleanups and small things, notably:
- musl libc compatibility
- vDSO installation fix
- TLB sync race fix for recent SMP support
- build fix for 32-bit with Clang 20/21"
* tag 'uml-for-7.1-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/uml/linux:
um: Disable GCOV_PROFILE_ALL on 32-bit UML with Clang 20/21
um: drivers: call kernel_strrchr() explicitly in cow_user.c
um: Replace strncpy() with strnlen()+memcpy_and_pad() in strncpy_chunk_from_user()
x86/um: fix vDSO installation
um: Remove CONFIG_FRAME_WARN from x86_64_defconfig
um: Fix pte_read() and pte_exec() for kernel mappings
um: Fix potential race condition in TLB sync
um: time-travel: clean up kernel-doc warnings
um: avoid struct sigcontext redefinition with musl
um: fix address-of CMSG_DATA() rvalue in stub
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull non-MM updates from Andrew Morton:
- "pid: make sub-init creation retryable" (Oleg Nesterov)
Make creation of init in a new namespace more robust by clearing away
some historical cruft which is no longer needed. Also some
documentation fixups
- "selftests/fchmodat2: Error handling and general" (Mark Brown)
Fix and a cleanup for the fchmodat2() syscall selftest
- "lib: polynomial: Move to math/ and clean up" (Andy Shevchenko)
- "hung_task: Provide runtime reset interface for hung task detector"
(Aaron Tomlin)
Give administrators the ability to zero out
/proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_detect_count
- "tools/getdelays: use the static UAPI headers from
tools/include/uapi" (Thomas Weißschuh)
Teach getdelays to use the in-kernel UAPI headers rather than the
system-provided ones
- "watchdog/hardlockup: Improvements to hardlockup" (Mayank Rungta)
Several cleanups and fixups to the hardlockup detector code and its
documentation
- "lib/bch: fix undefined behavior from signed left-shifts" (Josh Law)
A couple of small/theoretical fixes in the bch code
- "ocfs2/dlm: fix two bugs in dlm_match_regions()" (Junrui Luo)
- "cleanup the RAID5 XOR library" (Christoph Hellwig)
A quite far-reaching cleanup to this code. I can't do better than to
quote Christoph:
"The XOR library used for the RAID5 parity is a bit of a mess right
now. The main file sits in crypto/ despite not being cryptography
and not using the crypto API, with the generic implementations
sitting in include/asm-generic and the arch implementations
sitting in an asm/ header in theory. The latter doesn't work for
many cases, so architectures often build the code directly into
the core kernel, or create another module for the architecture
code.
Change this to a single module in lib/ that also contains the
architecture optimizations, similar to the library work Eric
Biggers has done for the CRC and crypto libraries later. After
that it changes to better calling conventions that allow for
smarter architecture implementations (although none is contained
here yet), and uses static_call to avoid indirection function call
overhead"
- "lib/list_sort: Clean up list_sort() scheduling workarounds"
(Kuan-Wei Chiu)
Clean up this library code by removing a hacky thing which was added
for UBIFS, which UBIFS doesn't actually need
- "Fix bugs in extract_iter_to_sg()" (Christian Ehrhardt)
Fix a few bugs in the scatterlist code, add in-kernel tests for the
now-fixed bugs and fix a leak in the test itself
- "kdump: Enable LUKS-encrypted dump target support in ARM64 and
PowerPC" (Coiby Xu)
Enable support of the LUKS-encrypted device dump target on arm64 and
powerpc
- "ocfs2: consolidate extent list validation into block read callbacks"
(Joseph Qi)
Cleanup, simplify, and make more robust ocfs2's validation of extent
list fields (Kernel test robot loves mounting corrupted fs images!)
* tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2026-04-15-04-20' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (127 commits)
ocfs2: validate group add input before caching
ocfs2: validate bg_bits during freefrag scan
ocfs2: fix listxattr handling when the buffer is full
doc: watchdog: fix typos etc
update Sean's email address
ocfs2: use get_random_u32() where appropriate
ocfs2: split transactions in dio completion to avoid credit exhaustion
ocfs2: remove redundant l_next_free_rec check in __ocfs2_find_path()
ocfs2: validate extent block list fields during block read
ocfs2: remove empty extent list check in ocfs2_dx_dir_lookup_rec()
ocfs2: validate dx_root extent list fields during block read
ocfs2: fix use-after-free in ocfs2_fault() when VM_FAULT_RETRY
ocfs2: handle invalid dinode in ocfs2_group_extend
.get_maintainer.ignore: add Askar
ocfs2: validate bg_list extent bounds in discontig groups
checkpatch: exclude forward declarations of const structs
tools/accounting: handle truncated taskstats netlink messages
taskstats: set version in TGID exit notifications
ocfs2/heartbeat: fix slot mapping rollback leaks on error paths
arm64,ppc64le/kdump: pass dm-crypt keys to kdump kernel
...
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Reduce 22 declarations of empty_zero_page to 3 and 23 declarations of
ZERO_PAGE() to 4.
Every architecture defines empty_zero_page that way or another, but for the
most of them it is always a page aligned page in BSS and most definitions
of ZERO_PAGE do virt_to_page(empty_zero_page).
Move Linus vetted x86 definition of empty_zero_page and ZERO_PAGE() to the
core MM and drop these definitions in architectures that do not implement
colored zero page (MIPS and s390).
ZERO_PAGE() remains a macro because turning it to a wrapper for a static
inline causes severe pain in header dependencies.
For the most part the change is mechanical, with these being noteworthy:
* alpha: aliased empty_zero_page with ZERO_PGE that was also used for boot
parameters. Switching to a generic empty_zero_page removes the aliasing
and keeps ZERO_PGE for boot parameters only
* arm64: uses __pa_symbol() in ZERO_PAGE() so that definition of
ZERO_PAGE() is kept intact.
* m68k/parisc/um: allocated empty_zero_page from memblock,
although they do not support zero page coloring and having it in BSS
will work fine.
* sparc64 can have empty_zero_page in BSS rather allocate it, but it
can't use virt_to_page() for BSS. Keep it's definition of ZERO_PAGE()
but instead of allocating it, make mem_map_zero point to
empty_zero_page.
* sh: used empty_zero_page for boot parameters at the very early boot.
Rename the parameters page to boot_params_page and let sh use the generic
empty_zero_page.
* hexagon: had an amusing comment about empty_zero_page
/* A handy thing to have if one has the RAM. Declared in head.S */
that unfortunately had to go :)
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260211103141.3215197-4-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> [parisc]
Tested-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> [parisc]
Reviewed-by: Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP) <chleroy@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> [alpha]
Acked-by: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org> [nios2]
Acked-by: Andreas Larsson <andreas@gaisler.com> [sparc]
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: "Borislav Petkov (AMD)" <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Cc: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz <glaubitz@physik.fu-berlin.de>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com>
Cc: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@kernel.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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Move the asm/xor.h headers to lib/raid/xor/$(SRCARCH)/xor_arch.h and
include/linux/raid/xor_impl.h to lib/raid/xor/xor_impl.h so that the
xor.ko module implementation is self-contained in lib/raid/.
As this remove the asm-generic mechanism a new kconfig symbol is added to
indicate that a architecture-specific implementations exists, and
xor_arch.h should be included.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260327061704.3707577-22-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu>
Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Alexandre Ghiti <alex@ghiti.fr>
Cc: Andreas Larsson <andreas@gaisler.com>
Cc: Anton Ivanov <anton.ivanov@cambridgegreys.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: "Borislav Petkov (AMD)" <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jason A. Donenfeld <jason@zx2c4.com>
Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Cc: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
Cc: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Ted Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: WANG Xuerui <kernel@xen0n.name>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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Since commit c055e3eae0f1 ("crypto: xor - use ktime for template
benchmarking") the benchmarking works just fine even for TT_MODE_INFCPU,
so drop the workarounds. Note that for CPUs supporting AVX2, which
includes almost everything built in the last 10 years, the AVX2
implementation is forced anyway.
CONFIG_X86_32 is always correctly set for UM in arch/x86/um/Kconfig, so
don't override it either.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260327061704.3707577-5-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Acked-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Reviewed-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu>
Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Alexandre Ghiti <alex@ghiti.fr>
Cc: Andreas Larsson <andreas@gaisler.com>
Cc: Anton Ivanov <anton.ivanov@cambridgegreys.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: "Borislav Petkov (AMD)" <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jason A. Donenfeld <jason@zx2c4.com>
Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Cc: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com>
Cc: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Ted Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: WANG Xuerui <kernel@xen0n.name>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
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The pte_read() and pte_exec() helpers are only used during the TLB
sync to determine the read/exec permissions for mmap. However, for
kernel mappings, they will always return 0. This leads to kern_map()
having to unconditionally set the exec flag to 1 and the read flag
unexpectedly always being 0. Remove the unnecessary check for the
_PAGE_USER bit in these helpers to ensure that the kernel mapping
permissions can be correctly determined.
Signed-off-by: Tiwei Bie <tiwei.btw@antgroup.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260302235224.1915380-3-tiwei.btw@antgroup.com
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:
- "powerpc/64s: do not re-activate batched TLB flush" makes
arch_{enter|leave}_lazy_mmu_mode() nest properly (Alexander Gordeev)
It adds a generic enter/leave layer and switches architectures to use
it. Various hacks were removed in the process.
- "zram: introduce compressed data writeback" implements data
compression for zram writeback (Richard Chang and Sergey Senozhatsky)
- "mm: folio_zero_user: clear page ranges" adds clearing of contiguous
page ranges for hugepages. Large improvements during demand faulting
are demonstrated (David Hildenbrand)
- "memcg cleanups" tidies up some memcg code (Chen Ridong)
- "mm/damon: introduce {,max_}nr_snapshots and tracepoint for damos
stats" improves DAMOS stat's provided information, deterministic
control, and readability (SeongJae Park)
- "selftests/mm: hugetlb cgroup charging: robustness fixes" fixes a few
issues in the hugetlb cgroup charging selftests (Li Wang)
- "Fix va_high_addr_switch.sh test failure - again" addresses several
issues in the va_high_addr_switch test (Chunyu Hu)
- "mm/damon/tests/core-kunit: extend existing test scenarios" improves
the KUnit test coverage for DAMON (Shu Anzai)
- "mm/khugepaged: fix dirty page handling for MADV_COLLAPSE" fixes a
glitch in khugepaged which was causing madvise(MADV_COLLAPSE) to
transiently return -EAGAIN (Shivank Garg)
- "arch, mm: consolidate hugetlb early reservation" reworks and
consolidates a pile of straggly code related to reservation of
hugetlb memory from bootmem and creation of CMA areas for hugetlb
(Mike Rapoport)
- "mm: clean up anon_vma implementation" cleans up the anon_vma
implementation in various ways (Lorenzo Stoakes)
- "tweaks for __alloc_pages_slowpath()" does a little streamlining of
the page allocator's slowpath code (Vlastimil Babka)
- "memcg: separate private and public ID namespaces" cleans up the
memcg ID code and prevents the internal-only private IDs from being
exposed to userspace (Shakeel Butt)
- "mm: hugetlb: allocate frozen gigantic folio" cleans up the
allocation of frozen folios and avoids some atomic refcount
operations (Kefeng Wang)
- "mm/damon: advance DAMOS-based LRU sorting" improves DAMOS's movement
of memory betewwn the active and inactive LRUs and adds auto-tuning
of the ratio-based quotas and of monitoring intervals (SeongJae Park)
- "Support page table check on PowerPC" makes
CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_CHECK_ENFORCED work on powerpc (Andrew Donnellan)
- "nodemask: align nodes_and{,not} with underlying bitmap ops" makes
nodes_and() and nodes_andnot() propagate the return values from the
underlying bit operations, enabling some cleanup in calling code
(Yury Norov)
- "mm/damon: hide kdamond and kdamond_lock from API callers" cleans up
some DAMON internal interfaces (SeongJae Park)
- "mm/khugepaged: cleanups and scan limit fix" does some cleanup work
in khupaged and fixes a scan limit accounting issue (Shivank Garg)
- "mm: balloon infrastructure cleanups" goes to town on the balloon
infrastructure and its page migration function. Mainly cleanups, also
some locking simplification (David Hildenbrand)
- "mm/vmscan: add tracepoint and reason for kswapd_failures reset" adds
additional tracepoints to the page reclaim code (Jiayuan Chen)
- "Replace wq users and add WQ_PERCPU to alloc_workqueue() users" is
part of Marco's kernel-wide migration from the legacy workqueue APIs
over to the preferred unbound workqueues (Marco Crivellari)
- "Various mm kselftests improvements/fixes" provides various unrelated
improvements/fixes for the mm kselftests (Kevin Brodsky)
- "mm: accelerate gigantic folio allocation" greatly speeds up gigantic
folio allocation, mainly by avoiding unnecessary work in
pfn_range_valid_contig() (Kefeng Wang)
- "selftests/damon: improve leak detection and wss estimation
reliability" improves the reliability of two of the DAMON selftests
(SeongJae Park)
- "mm/damon: cleanup kdamond, damon_call(), damos filter and
DAMON_MIN_REGION" does some cleanup work in the core DAMON code
(SeongJae Park)
- "Docs/mm/damon: update intro, modules, maintainer profile, and misc"
performs maintenance work on the DAMON documentation (SeongJae Park)
- "mm: add and use vma_assert_stabilised() helper" refactors and cleans
up the core VMA code. The main aim here is to be able to use the mmap
write lock's lockdep state to perform various assertions regarding
the locking which the VMA code requires (Lorenzo Stoakes)
- "mm, swap: swap table phase II: unify swapin use" removes some old
swap code (swap cache bypassing and swap synchronization) which
wasn't working very well. Various other cleanups and simplifications
were made. The end result is a 20% speedup in one benchmark (Kairui
Song)
- "enable PT_RECLAIM on more 64-bit architectures" makes PT_RECLAIM
available on 64-bit alpha, loongarch, mips, parisc, and um. Various
cleanups were performed along the way (Qi Zheng)
* tag 'mm-stable-2026-02-11-19-22' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (325 commits)
mm/memory: handle non-split locks correctly in zap_empty_pte_table()
mm: move pte table reclaim code to memory.c
mm: make PT_RECLAIM depends on MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE
mm: convert __HAVE_ARCH_TLB_REMOVE_TABLE to CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TLB_REMOVE_TABLE config
um: mm: enable MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE
parisc: mm: enable MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE
mips: mm: enable MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE
LoongArch: mm: enable MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE
alpha: mm: enable MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE
mm: change mm/pt_reclaim.c to use asm/tlb.h instead of asm-generic/tlb.h
mm/damon/stat: remove __read_mostly from memory_idle_ms_percentiles
zsmalloc: make common caches global
mm: add SPDX id lines to some mm source files
mm/zswap: use %pe to print error pointers
mm/vmscan: use %pe to print error pointers
mm/readahead: fix typo in comment
mm: khugepaged: fix NR_FILE_PAGES and NR_SHMEM in collapse_file()
mm: refactor vma_map_pages to use vm_insert_pages
mm/damon: unify address range representation with damon_addr_range
mm/cma: replace snprintf with strscpy in cma_new_area
...
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Patch series "mm: folio_zero_user: clear page ranges", v11.
This series adds clearing of contiguous page ranges for hugepages.
The series improves on the current discontiguous clearing approach in two
ways:
- clear pages in a contiguous fashion.
- use batched clearing via clear_pages() wherever exposed.
The first is useful because it allows us to make much better use of
hardware prefetchers.
The second, enables advertising the real extent to the processor. Where
specific instructions support it (ex. string instructions on x86; "mops"
on arm64 etc), a processor can optimize based on this because, instead of
seeing a sequence of 8-byte stores, or a sequence of 4KB pages, it sees a
larger unit being operated on.
For instance, AMD Zen uarchs (for extents larger than LLC-size) switch to
a mode where they start eliding cacheline allocation. This is helpful not
just because it results in higher bandwidth, but also because now the
cache is not evicting useful cachelines and replacing them with zeroes.
Demand faulting a 64GB region shows performance improvement:
$ perf bench mem mmap -p $pg-sz -f demand -s 64GB -l 5
baseline +series
(GBps +- %stdev) (GBps +- %stdev)
pg-sz=2MB 11.76 +- 1.10% 25.34 +- 1.18% [*] +115.47% preempt=*
pg-sz=1GB 24.85 +- 2.41% 39.22 +- 2.32% + 57.82% preempt=none|voluntary
pg-sz=1GB (similar) 52.73 +- 0.20% [#] +112.19% preempt=full|lazy
[*] This improvement is because switching to sequential clearing
allows the hardware prefetchers to do a much better job.
[#] For pg-sz=1GB a large part of the improvement is because of the
cacheline elision mentioned above. preempt=full|lazy improves upon
that because, not needing explicit invocations of cond_resched() to
ensure reasonable preemption latency, it can clear the full extent
as a single unit. In comparison the maximum extent used for
preempt=none|voluntary is PROCESS_PAGES_NON_PREEMPT_BATCH (32MB).
When provided the full extent the processor forgoes allocating
cachelines on this path almost entirely.
(The hope is that eventually, in the fullness of time, the lazy
preemption model will be able to do the same job that none or
voluntary models are used for, allowing us to do away with
cond_resched().)
Raghavendra also tested previous version of the series on AMD Genoa and
sees similar improvement [1] with preempt=lazy.
$ perf bench mem map -p $page-size -f populate -s 64GB -l 10
base patched change
pg-sz=2MB 12.731939 GB/sec 26.304263 GB/sec 106.6%
pg-sz=1GB 26.232423 GB/sec 61.174836 GB/sec 133.2%
This patch (of 8):
Let's drop all variants that effectively map to clear_page() and provide
it in a generic variant instead.
We'll use the macro clear_user_page to indicate whether an architecture
provides it's own variant.
Also, clear_user_page() is only called from the generic variant of
clear_user_highpage(), so define it only if the architecture does not
provide a clear_user_highpage(). And, for simplicity define it in
linux/highmem.h.
Note that for parisc, clear_page() and clear_user_page() map to
clear_page_asm(), so we can just get rid of the custom clear_user_page()
implementation. There is a clear_user_page_asm() function on parisc, that
seems to be unused. Not sure what's up with that.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260107072009.1615991-1-ankur.a.arora@oracle.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260107072009.1615991-2-ankur.a.arora@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Co-developed-by: Ankur Arora <ankur.a.arora@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Ankur Arora <ankur.a.arora@oracle.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Ankur Arora <ankur.a.arora@oracle.com>
Cc: "Borislav Petkov (AMD)" <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzessutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Lance Yang <ioworker0@gmail.com>
Cc: "Liam R. Howlett" <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Li Zhe <lizhe.67@bytedance.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com>
Cc: Mateusz Guzik <mjguzik@gmail.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@amd.com>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
With Clang's context analysis, the compiler is a bit more strict about
what goes into the __acquires/__releases annotations and can't refer to
non-existent variables.
On an UM build, mm_id.h is transitively included into mm_types.h, and we
can observe the following error (if context analysis is enabled in e.g.
stackdepot.c):
In file included from lib/stackdepot.c:17:
In file included from include/linux/debugfs.h:15:
In file included from include/linux/fs.h:5:
In file included from include/linux/fs/super.h:5:
In file included from include/linux/fs/super_types.h:7:
In file included from include/linux/list_lru.h:14:
In file included from include/linux/xarray.h:16:
In file included from include/linux/gfp.h:7:
In file included from include/linux/mmzone.h:22:
In file included from include/linux/mm_types.h:26:
In file included from arch/um/include/asm/mmu.h:12:
>> arch/um/include/shared/skas/mm_id.h:24:54: error: use of undeclared identifier 'turnstile'
24 | void enter_turnstile(struct mm_id *mm_id) __acquires(turnstile);
| ^~~~~~~~~
arch/um/include/shared/skas/mm_id.h:25:53: error: use of undeclared identifier 'turnstile'
25 | void exit_turnstile(struct mm_id *mm_id) __releases(turnstile);
| ^~~~~~~~~
One (discarded) option was to use token_context_lock(turnstile) to just
define a token with the already used name, but that would not allow the
compiler to distinguish between different mm_id-dependent instances.
Another constraint is that struct mm_id is only declared and incomplete
in the header, so even if we tried to construct an expression to get to
the mutex instance, this would fail (including more headers transitively
everywhere should also be avoided).
Instead, just declare an mm_id-dependent helper to return the mutex, and
use the mm_id-dependent call expression in the __acquires/__releases
attributes; the compiler will consider the identity of the mutex to be
the call expression. Then using __get_turnstile() in the lock/unlock
wrappers (with context analysis enabled for mmu.c) the compiler will be
able to verify the implementation of the wrappers as-is.
We leave context analysis disabled in arch/um/kernel/skas/ for now. This
change is a preparatory change to allow enabling context analysis in
subsystems that include any of the above headers.
No functional change intended.
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202512171220.vHlvhpCr-lkp@intel.com/
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251219154418.3592607-23-elver@google.com
|
|
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull objtool fixes from Ingo Molnar:
"Address various objtool scalability bugs/inefficiencies exposed by
allmodconfig builds, plus improve the quality of alternatives
instructions generated code and disassembly"
* tag 'objtool-urgent-2025-12-06' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
objtool: Simplify .annotate_insn code generation output some more
objtool: Add more robust signal error handling, detect and warn about stack overflows
objtool: Remove newlines and tabs from annotation macros
objtool: Consolidate annotation macros
x86/asm: Remove ANNOTATE_DATA_SPECIAL usage
x86/alternative: Remove ANNOTATE_DATA_SPECIAL usage
objtool: Fix stack overflow in validate_branch()
|
|
Instead of manually annotating each __ex_table entry, just make the
section mergeable and store the entry size in the ELF section header.
Either way works for objtool create_fake_symbols(), this way produces
cleaner code generation.
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/b858cb7891c1ba0080e22a9c32595e6c302435e2.1764694625.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org
|
|
Instead of manually annotating each .altinstructions entry, just make
the section mergeable and store the entry size in the ELF section
header.
Either way works for objtool create_fake_symbols(), this way produces
cleaner code generation.
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/5ac04e6db5be6453dce8003a771ebb0c47b4cd7a.1764694625.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org
|
|
um doesn't support KASAN_INLINE together with STATIC_LINK.
Instead of failing the build, disable KASAN_INLINE when
STATIC_LINK is selected.
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202511290451.x9GZVJ1l-lkp@intel.com/
Fixes: 1e338f4d99e6 ("kasan: introduce ARCH_DEFER_KASAN and unify static key across modes")
Signed-off-by: Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP) <chleroy@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/2620ab0bbba640b6237c50b9c0dca1c7d1142f5d.1764410067.git.chleroy@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
FIXADDR_USER_START and FIXADDR_USER_END are now always zero.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <linux@weissschuh.net>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251028-uml-remove-32bit-pseudo-vdso-v1-8-e930063eff5f@weissschuh.net
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
The only caller __access_ok() is already doing the same check through
__addr_range_nowrap().
Remove the redundant check.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <linux@weissschuh.net>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251028-uml-remove-32bit-pseudo-vdso-v1-7-e930063eff5f@weissschuh.net
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
With the removal of the vDSO passthrough from the host,
FIXADDR_USER_START is always 0 and the gate area setup code is dead.
Remove it.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <linux@weissschuh.net>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251028-uml-remove-32bit-pseudo-vdso-v1-5-e930063eff5f@weissschuh.net
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
Recent changes have added an include of as-layout.h to pgtable.h.
However this introduces a circular dependency during asm-offsets
generation as as-layout.h depends on asm-offsets and pgtable.h is an
input for asm-offsets.
Building from a clean state results in the following error:
CC arch/um/kernel/asm-offsets.s
In file included from arch/um/include/asm/pgtable.h:48,
from include/linux/pgtable.h:6,
from include/linux/mm.h:31,
from include/linux/pid_namespace.h:7,
from include/linux/ptrace.h:10,
from include/linux/audit.h:13,
from arch/um/kernel/asm-offsets.c:8:
arch/um/include/shared/as-layout.h:9:10: fatal error: generated/asm-offsets.h: No such file or directory
9 | #include <generated/asm-offsets.h>
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[4]: *** [scripts/Makefile.build:182: arch/um/kernel/asm-offsets.s] Error 1
As the inclusion of as-layout.h in pgtable.h is not yet needed while
asm-offsets are generated, break the dependency here.
Fixes: a7f7dbae94a5 ("um: Remove file-based iomem emulation support")
Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <linux@weissschuh.net>
Reviewed-by: Tiwei Bie <tiwei.btw@antgroup.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251028-uml-offsets-circular-v1-1-601c363cfaaa@weissschuh.net
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
Add initial symmetric multi-processing (SMP) support to UML. With
this support enabled, users can tell UML to start multiple virtual
processors, each represented as a separate host thread.
In UML, kthreads and normal threads (when running in kernel mode)
can be scheduled and executed simultaneously on different virtual
processors. However, the userspace code of normal threads still
runs within their respective single-threaded stubs.
That is, SMP support is currently available both within the kernel
and across different processes, but still remains limited within
threads of the same process in userspace.
Signed-off-by: Tiwei Bie <tiwei.btw@antgroup.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251027001815.1666872-6-tiwei.bie@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
Define timers on a per-CPU basis to enable each CPU to have its
own timer. This is a preparation for adding SMP support.
Signed-off-by: Tiwei Bie <tiwei.btw@antgroup.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251027001815.1666872-5-tiwei.bie@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
With SMP and NO_HZ enabled, the CPU may still need to sleep even
if the timer is disarmed. Switch to deciding whether to sleep based
on pending resched. Additionally, because disabling IRQs does not
block SIGALRM, it is also necessary to check for any pending timer
alarms. This is a preparation for adding SMP support.
Signed-off-by: Tiwei Bie <tiwei.btw@antgroup.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251027001815.1666872-4-tiwei.bie@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
Turn signals_enabled, signals_pending and signals_active into
thread-local variables. This enables us to control and track
signals independently on each CPU thread. This is a preparation
for adding SMP support.
Signed-off-by: Tiwei Bie <tiwei.btw@antgroup.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251027001815.1666872-3-tiwei.bie@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
The file-based iomem emulation was introduced to support writing
paravirtualized drivers based on emulated iomem regions. However,
the only driver that makes use of it is an example driver called
mmapper, which was written over two decades ago.
We now have several modern device emulation mechanisms, such as
vhost-user-based virtio-uml. Remove the file-based iomem emulation
support to reduce the maintenance burden.
Signed-off-by: Tiwei Bie <tiwei.btw@antgroup.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251027054519.1996090-5-tiwei.bie@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
Although UML_ROUND_UP() is defined in a shared header file, it
depends on the PAGE_SIZE and PAGE_MASK macros, so it can only be
used in kernel code. Considering its name is not very clear and
its functionality is the same as PAGE_ALIGN(), replace its usages
with a direct call to PAGE_ALIGN() and remove it.
Signed-off-by: Tiwei Bie <tiwei.btw@antgroup.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251027054519.1996090-4-tiwei.bie@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
Currently, host_task_size is a global variable, but it is only used
in linux_main() to compute stub_start and task_size. Make it a local
variable to limit its scope to where it is actually needed.
Signed-off-by: Tiwei Bie <tiwei.btw@antgroup.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251027054519.1996090-2-tiwei.bie@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
There's nothing subarch dependent here, and it's odd
that includes need to be done in the subarch, and then
entries defined in the common file.
Simplify the whole thing from three files into one.
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251007071452.367989-4-johannes@sipsolutions.net
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
The HOSTFS_ATTR_* values were meant to be standalone for
communication between hostfs's kernel and user code parts.
However, it's easy to forget that HOSTFS_ATTR_* should be
used even on the kernel side, and that wasn't consistently
done. As a result, the values need to match ATTR_* values,
which is not useful to maintain by hand. Instead, generate
them via asm-offsets like other constants that UML needs
in user-side code that aren't otherwise available in any
header files that can be included there.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Hongbo Li <lihongbo22@huawei.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251007071452.367989-3-johannes@sipsolutions.net
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/uml/linux
Pull uml updates from Johannes Berg:
- minor preparations for SMP support
- SPARSE_IRQ support for kunit
- help output cleanups
* tag 'uml-for-linux-6.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/uml/linux:
um: Remove unused ipi_pipe field from cpuinfo_um
um: Remove unused cpu_data and current_cpu_data macros
um: Stop tracking virtual CPUs via mm_cpumask()
um: Centralize stub size calculations
um: Remove outdated comment about STUB_DATA_PAGES
um: Remove unused offset and child_err fields from stub_data
um: Indent time-travel help messages
um: Fix help message for ssl-non-raw
um: vector: Fix indentation for help message
um: Add missing trailing newline to help messages
um: virtio-pci: implement .shutdown()
um: Support SPARSE_IRQ
|
|
Patch series "kasan: unify kasan_enabled() and remove arch-specific
implementations", v6.
This patch series addresses the fragmentation in KASAN initialization
across architectures by introducing a unified approach that eliminates
duplicate static keys and arch-specific kasan_arch_is_ready()
implementations.
The core issue is that different architectures have inconsistent approaches
to KASAN readiness tracking:
- PowerPC, LoongArch, and UML arch, each implement own kasan_arch_is_ready()
- Only HW_TAGS mode had a unified static key (kasan_flag_enabled)
- Generic and SW_TAGS modes relied on arch-specific solutions
or always-on behavior
This patch (of 2):
Introduce CONFIG_ARCH_DEFER_KASAN to identify architectures [1] that need
to defer KASAN initialization until shadow memory is properly set up, and
unify the static key infrastructure across all KASAN modes.
[1] PowerPC, UML, LoongArch selects ARCH_DEFER_KASAN.
The core issue is that different architectures haveinconsistent approaches
to KASAN readiness tracking:
- PowerPC, LoongArch, and UML arch, each implement own
kasan_arch_is_ready()
- Only HW_TAGS mode had a unified static key (kasan_flag_enabled)
- Generic and SW_TAGS modes relied on arch-specific solutions or always-on
behavior
This patch addresses the fragmentation in KASAN initialization across
architectures by introducing a unified approach that eliminates duplicate
static keys and arch-specific kasan_arch_is_ready() implementations.
Let's replace kasan_arch_is_ready() with existing kasan_enabled() check,
which examines the static key being enabled if arch selects
ARCH_DEFER_KASAN or has HW_TAGS mode support. For other arch,
kasan_enabled() checks the enablement during compile time.
Now KASAN users can use a single kasan_enabled() check everywhere.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20250810125746.1105476-1-snovitoll@gmail.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20250810125746.1105476-2-snovitoll@gmail.com
Closes: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=217049
Signed-off-by: Sabyrzhan Tasbolatov <snovitoll@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Reviewed-by: Ritesh Harjani (IBM) <ritesh.list@gmail.com> #powerpc
Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Alexandre Ghiti <alex@ghiti.fr>
Cc: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com>
Cc: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: David Gow <davidgow@google.com>
Cc: Dmitriy Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>
Cc: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Cc: Qing Zhang <zhangqing@loongson.cn>
Cc: Sabyrzhan Tasbolatov <snovitoll@gmail.com>
Cc: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
It's no longer used after the removal of the SMP implementation in
TT mode by commit 28fa468f5316 ("um: Remove broken SMP support").
While at it, remove the outdated comment.
Signed-off-by: Tiwei Bie <tiwei.btw@antgroup.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
These two macros have no users. Remove them.
Signed-off-by: Tiwei Bie <tiwei.btw@antgroup.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
In UML, each user address space is represented as a separate stub
process on the host. Therefore, user address spaces do not require
TLB management on UML virtual CPUs, and it's unnecessary to track
which virtual CPUs they have executed on.
Signed-off-by: Tiwei Bie <tiwei.btw@antgroup.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
Currently, the stub size is calculated in multiple places. Define
a macro that performs the calculation so that the code is easier
to read and maintain.
Signed-off-by: Tiwei Bie <tiwei.btw@antgroup.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
STUB_DATA_PAGES is no longer required to be a power of two since
commit 91f0a0c5cc5b ("um: Calculate stub data address relative to
stub code"). Remove the outdated comment.
Signed-off-by: Tiwei Bie <tiwei.btw@antgroup.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
They are no longer used. Remove them.
Signed-off-by: Tiwei Bie <tiwei.btw@antgroup.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/uml/linux
Pull uml updates from Johannes Berg:
"Mostly cleanups, except:
- dynamic addition of vfio passthrough devices
- implementation of HAVE_SYSCALL_TRACEPOINTS"
* tag 'uml-for-linux-6.17-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/uml/linux:
um: Replace __ASSEMBLY__ with __ASSEMBLER__ in the usermode headers
um: Stop tracking stub's PID via userspace_pid[]
um: Remove the pid parameter of handle_trap()
um: Use err consistently in userspace()
um: vfio: Support adding devices via mconsole
um: rtc: Avoid shadowing err in uml_rtc_start()
um: Avoid redefining ARCH_HAS_CACHE_LINE_SIZE
um: Make mm_list and mm_list_lock static
um: Make unscheduled_userspace_iterations static
um: Re-evaluate thread flags repeatedly
um: simplify syscall header files
um/ptrace: Implement HAVE_SYSCALL_TRACEPOINTS
um/x86: Add |
