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2025-11-24mm: avoid unnecessary use of is_swap_pmd()Lorenzo Stoakes1-2/+14
PMD 'non-swap' swap entries are currently used for PMD-level migration entries and device private entries. To add to the confusion in this terminology we use is_swap_pmd() in an inconsistent way similar to how is_swap_pte() was being used - sometimes adopting the convention that !pmd_none(), !pmd_present() implies PMD 'swap' entry, sometimes not. This patch handles the low-hanging fruit of cases where we can simply substitute other predicates for is_swap_pmd(). No functional change intended. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/8a1704b36a009c18032d5bea4cb68e71448fbbe5.1762812360.git.lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul@sk.com> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org> Cc: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Gregory Price <gourry@gourry.net> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com> Cc: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Cc: Kairui Song <kasong@tencent.com> Cc: Kemeng Shi <shikemeng@huaweicloud.com> Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev> Cc: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org> Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Mathew Brost <matthew.brost@intel.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com> Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Cc: Rakie Kim <rakie.kim@sk.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com> Cc: xu xin <xu.xin16@zte.com.cn> Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24mm: use leaf entries in debug pgtable + remove is_swap_pte()Lorenzo Stoakes1-6/+0
Remove invocations of is_swap_pte() in mm/debug_vm_pgtable.c and use softleaf_from_pte() and softleaf_is_swap() as necessary to replace this usage. We update the test code to use a 'true' swap entry throughout so we are guaranteed this is not a non-swap entry, so all asserts continue to operate correctly. With this change in place, we no longer use is_swap_pte() anywhere, so remove it. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/222f352e7a99191b4bdfa77e835f2fc0dd83fa72.1762812360.git.lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul@sk.com> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org> Cc: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Gregory Price <gourry@gourry.net> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com> Cc: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Cc: Kairui Song <kasong@tencent.com> Cc: Kemeng Shi <shikemeng@huaweicloud.com> Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev> Cc: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org> Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Mathew Brost <matthew.brost@intel.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com> Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Cc: Rakie Kim <rakie.kim@sk.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com> Cc: xu xin <xu.xin16@zte.com.cn> Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24mm: avoid unnecessary uses of is_swap_pte()Lorenzo Stoakes1-2/+1
There's an established convention in the kernel that we treat PTEs as containing swap entries (and the unfortunately named non-swap swap entries) should they be neither empty (i.e. pte_none() evaluating true) nor present (i.e. pte_present() evaluating true). However, there is some inconsistency in how this is applied, as we also have the is_swap_pte() helper which explicitly performs this check: /* check whether a pte points to a swap entry */ static inline int is_swap_pte(pte_t pte) { return !pte_none(pte) && !pte_present(pte); } As this represents a predicate, and it's logical to assume that in order to establish that a PTE entry can correctly be manipulated as a swap/non-swap entry, this predicate seems as if it must first be checked. But we instead, we far more often utilise the established convention of checking pte_none() / pte_present() before operating on entries as if they were swap/non-swap. This patch works towards correcting this inconsistency by removing all uses of is_swap_pte() where we are already in a position where we perform pte_none()/pte_present() checks anyway or otherwise it is clearly logical to do so. We also take advantage of the fact that pte_swp_uffd_wp() is only set on swap entries. Additionally, update comments referencing to is_swap_pte() and non_swap_entry(). No functional change intended. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/17fd6d7f46a846517fd455fadd640af47fcd7c55.1762812360.git.lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul@sk.com> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org> Cc: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Gregory Price <gourry@gourry.net> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com> Cc: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Cc: Kairui Song <kasong@tencent.com> Cc: Kemeng Shi <shikemeng@huaweicloud.com> Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev> Cc: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org> Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Mathew Brost <matthew.brost@intel.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com> Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Cc: Rakie Kim <rakie.kim@sk.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com> Cc: xu xin <xu.xin16@zte.com.cn> Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24mm: introduce leaf entry type and use to simplify leaf entry logicLorenzo Stoakes5-80/+417
The kernel maintains leaf page table entries which contain either: The kernel maintains leaf page table entries which contain either: - Nothing ('none' entries) - Present entries* - Everything else that will cause a fault which the kernel handles * Present entries are either entries the hardware can navigate without page fault or special cases like NUMA hint protnone or PMD with cleared present bit which contain hardware-valid entries modulo the present bit. In the 'everything else' group we include swap entries, but we also include a number of other things such as migration entries, device private entries and marker entries. Unfortunately this 'everything else' group expresses everything through a swp_entry_t type, and these entries are referred to swap entries even though they may well not contain a... swap entry. This is compounded by the rather mind-boggling concept of a non-swap swap entry (checked via non_swap_entry()) and the means by which we twist and turn to satisfy this. This patch lays the foundation for reducing this confusion. We refer to 'everything else' as a 'software-define leaf entry' or 'softleaf'. for short And in fact we scoop up the 'none' entries into this concept also so we are left with: - Present entries. - Softleaf entries (which may be empty). This allows for radical simplification across the board - one can simply convert any leaf page table entry to a leaf entry via softleaf_from_pte(). If the entry is present, we return an empty leaf entry, so it is assumed the caller is aware that they must differentiate between the two categories of page table entries, checking for the former via pte_present(). As a result, we can eliminate a number of places where we would otherwise need to use predicates to see if we can proceed with leaf page table entry conversion and instead just go ahead and do it unconditionally. We do so where we can, adjusting surrounding logic as necessary to integrate the new softleaf_t logic as far as seems reasonable at this stage. We typedef swp_entry_t to softleaf_t for the time being until the conversion can be complete, meaning everything remains compatible regardless of which type is used. We will eventually remove swp_entry_t when the conversion is complete. We introduce a new header file to keep things clear - leafops.h - this imports swapops.h so can direct replace swapops imports without issue, and we do so in all the files that require it. Additionally, add new leafops.h file to core mm maintainers entry. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/c879383aac77d96a03e4d38f7daba893cd35fc76.1762812360.git.lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Acked-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul@sk.com> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org> Cc: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Gregory Price <gourry@gourry.net> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com> Cc: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Cc: Kairui Song <kasong@tencent.com> Cc: Kemeng Shi <shikemeng@huaweicloud.com> Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev> Cc: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org> Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Mathew Brost <matthew.brost@intel.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com> Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Cc: Rakie Kim <rakie.kim@sk.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com> Cc: xu xin <xu.xin16@zte.com.cn> Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24mm: correctly handle UFFD PTE markersLorenzo Stoakes3-26/+21
Patch series "mm: remove is_swap_[pte, pmd]() + non-swap entries, introduce leaf entries", v3. There's an established convention in the kernel that we treat leaf page tables (so far at the PTE, PMD level) as containing 'swap entries' should they be neither empty (i.e. p**_none() evaluating true) nor present (i.e. p**_present() evaluating true). However, at the same time we also have helper predicates - is_swap_pte(), is_swap_pmd() - which are inconsistently used. This is problematic, as it is logical to assume that should somebody wish to operate upon a page table swap entry they should first check to see if it is in fact one. It also implies that perhaps, in future, we might introduce a non-present, none page table entry that is not a swap entry. This series resolves this issue by systematically eliminating all use of the is_swap_pte() and is swap_pmd() predicates so we retain only the convention that should a leaf page table entry be neither none nor present it is a swap entry. We also have the further issue that 'swap entry' is unfortunately a really rather overloaded term and in fact refers to both entries for swap and for other information such as migration entries, page table markers, and device private entries. We therefore have the rather 'unique' concept of a 'non-swap' swap entry. This series therefore introduces the concept of 'software leaf entries', of type softleaf_t, to eliminate this confusion. A software leaf entry in this sense is any page table entry which is non-present, and represented by the softleaf_t type. That is - page table leaf entries which are software-controlled by the kernel. This includes 'none' or empty entries, which are simply represented by an zero leaf entry value. In order to maintain compatibility as we transition the kernel to this new type, we simply typedef swp_entry_t to softleaf_t. We introduce a number of predicates and helpers to interact with software leaf entries in include/linux/leafops.h which, as it imports swapops.h, can be treated as a drop-in replacement for swapops.h wherever leaf entry helpers are used. Since softleaf_from_[pte, pmd]() treats present entries as they were empty/none leaf entries, this allows for a great deal of simplification of code throughout the code base, which this series utilises a great deal. We additionally change from swap entry to software leaf entry handling where it makes sense to and eliminate functions from swapops.h where software leaf entries obviate the need for the functions. This patch (of 16): PTE markers were previously only concerned with UFFD-specific logic - that is, PTE entries with the UFFD WP marker set or those marked via UFFDIO_POISON. However since the introduction of guard markers in commit 7c53dfbdb024 ("mm: add PTE_MARKER_GUARD PTE marker"), this has no longer been the case. Issues have been avoided as guard regions are not permitted in conjunction with UFFD, but it still leaves very confusing logic in place, most notably the misleading and poorly named pte_none_mostly() and huge_pte_none_mostly(). This predicate returns true for PTE entries that ought to be treated as none, but only in certain circumstances, and on the assumption we are dealing with H/W poison markers or UFFD WP markers. This patch removes these functions and makes each invocation of these functions instead explicitly check what it needs to check. As part of this effort it introduces is_uffd_pte_marker() to explicitly determine if a marker in fact is used as part of UFFD or not. In the HMM logic we note that the only time we would need to check for a fault is in the case of a UFFD WP marker, otherwise we simply encounter a fault error (VM_FAULT_HWPOISON for H/W poisoned marker, VM_FAULT_SIGSEGV for a guard marker), so only check for the UFFD WP case. While we're here we also refactor code to make it easier to understand. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comment typo, per Mike] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/cover.1762812360.git.lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/c38625fd9a1c1f1cf64ae8a248858e45b3dcdf11.1762812360.git.lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul@sk.com> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org> Cc: Claudio Imbrenda <imbrenda@linux.ibm.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Gregory Price <gourry@gourry.net> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com> Cc: Janosch Frank <frankja@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Cc: Kairui Song <kasong@tencent.com> Cc: Kemeng Shi <shikemeng@huaweicloud.com> Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev> Cc: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org> Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Mathew Brost <matthew.brost@intel.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com> Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com> Cc: Rakie Kim <rakie.kim@sk.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com> Cc: xu xin <xu.xin16@zte.com.cn> Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24mm/huge_memory: merge uniform_split_supported() and ↵Wei Yang1-5/+3
non_uniform_split_supported() uniform_split_supported() and non_uniform_split_supported() share significantly similar logic. The only functional difference is that uniform_split_supported() includes an additional check on the requested @new_order. The reason for this check comes from the following two aspects: * some file system or swap cache just supports order-0 folio * the behavioral difference between uniform/non-uniform split The behavioral difference between uniform split and non-uniform: * uniform split splits folio directly to @new_order * non-uniform split creates after-split folios with orders from folio_order(folio) - 1 to new_order. This means for non-uniform split or !new_order split we should check the file system and swap cache respectively. This commit unifies the logic and merge the two functions into a single combined helper, removing redundant code and simplifying the split support checking mechanism. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251106034155.21398-3-richard.weiyang@gmail.com Fixes: c010d47f107f ("mm: thp: split huge page to any lower order pages") Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Cc: "David Hildenbrand (Red Hat)" <david@kernel.org> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev> Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24mm/huge_memory: introduce enum split_type for clarityWei Yang1-0/+5
Patch series "mm/huge_memory: Define split_type and consolidate split support checks", v3. This two-patch series focuses on improving code clarity and removing redundancy in the huge memory handling logic related to folio splitting. The series is based on an original proposal to merge two significantly identical functions that check folio split support[1]. During this process, we found an opportunity to improve readability by explicitly defining the split types. Patch 1: define split_type and use it Patch 2: merge uniform_split_supported() and non_uniform_split_supported() This patch (of 2): We currently handle two distinct types of large folio splitting: * uniform split * non-uniform split Differentiating between these types using a simple boolean variable is not obvious and can harm code readability. This commit introduces enum split_type to explicitly define these two types. Replacing the existing boolean variable with this enumeration significantly improves code clarity and expressiveness when dealing with folio splitting logic. No functional change is expected. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak layout, per David] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251106034155.21398-1-richard.weiyang@gmail.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251106034155.21398-2-richard.weiyang@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Cc: "David Hildenbrand (Red Hat)" <david@kernel.org> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev> Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24mm/huge_memory: fix kernel-doc comments for folio_split() and relatedZi Yan1-4/+6
try_folio_split_to_order(), folio_split, __folio_split(), and __split_unmapped_folio() do not have correct kernel-doc comment format. Fix them. [ziy@nvidia.com: kernel-doc fixup] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/BE7AC5F3-9E64-4923-861D-C2C4E0CB91EB@nvidia.com [ziy@nvidia.com: add newline to fix an error and a warning from docutils] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/040B38C0-23C6-4AEA-B069-69AE6DAA828B@nvidia.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251031162001.670503-4-ziy@nvidia.com Signed-off-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Reviewed-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev> Reviewed-by: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Red Hat) <david@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Jane Chu <jane.chu@oracle.com> Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Luis Chamberalin <mcgrof@kernel.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Pankaj Raghav <kernel@pankajraghav.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24mm/huge_memory: add split_huge_page_to_order()Zi Yan1-2/+10
Patch series "Optimize folio split in memory failure", v5. This patchset optimizes folio split operations in memory failure code by always splitting a folio to min_order_for_split() to minimize unusable pages, even if min_order_for_split() is non zero and memory failure code would take the failed path eventually for a successfully split folio. This means instead of making the entire original folio unusable memory failure code would only make its after-split folio, which has order of min_order_for_split() and contains HWPoison page, unusable. For soft offline case, since the original folio is still accessible, no split is performed if the folio cannot be split to order-0 to prevent potential performance loss. In addition, add split_huge_page_to_order() to improve code readability and fix kernel-doc comment format for folio_split() and other related functions. Background ========== This patchset is a follow-up of "[PATCH v3] mm/huge_memory: do not change split_huge_page*() target order silently."[1] and [PATCH v4] mm/huge_memory: preserve PG_has_hwpoisoned if a folio is split to >0 order[2], since both are separated out as hotfixes. It improves how memory failure code handles large block size(LBS) folios with min_order_for_split() > 0. By splitting a large folio containing HW poisoned pages to min_order_for_split(), the after-split folios without HW poisoned pages could be freed for reuse. To achieve this, folio split code needs to set has_hwpoisoned on after-split folios containing HW poisoned pages and it is done in the hotfix in [2]. This patchset includes: 1. A patch adds split_huge_page_to_order(), 2. Patch 2 and Patch 3 of "[PATCH v2 0/3] Do not change split folio target order"[3], This patch (of 3): When the caller does not supply a list to split_huge_page_to_list_to_order(), use split_huge_page_to_order() instead. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251031162001.670503-1-ziy@nvidia.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251031162001.670503-2-ziy@nvidia.com Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20251017013630.139907-1-ziy@nvidia.com/ [1] Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20251023030521.473097-1-ziy@nvidia.com/ [2] Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20251016033452.125479-1-ziy@nvidia.com/ [3] Signed-off-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Jane Chu <jane.chu@oracle.com> Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Luis Chamberalin <mcgrof@kernel.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Pankaj Raghav <kernel@pankajraghav.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24mm/khugepaged: unify pmd folio installation with map_anon_folio_pmd()Wei Yang1-0/+2
Currently we install pmd folio with map_anon_folio_pmd() in __do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page() and do_huge_zero_wp_pmd(). While in collapse_huge_page(), it is done with identical code except statistics adjustment. Unify the process with map_anon_folio_pmd() to install pmd folio. Split it to map_anon_folio_pmd_pf() and map_anon_folio_pmd_nopf() to be used in page fault or not respectively. No functional change is intended. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unneeded map_anon_folio_pmd_nopf() stub, per Wei & David] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251008095453.18772-3-richard.weiyang@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Acked-by: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24mm/migrate_device: add THP splitting during migrationBalbir Singh1-2/+9
Implement migrate_vma_split_pages() to handle THP splitting during the migration process when destination cannot allocate compound pages. This addresses the common scenario where migrate_vma_setup() succeeds with MIGRATE_PFN_COMPOUND pages, but the destination device cannot allocate large pages during the migration phase. Key changes: - migrate_vma_split_pages(): Split already-isolated pages during migration - Enhanced folio_split() and __split_unmapped_folio() with isolated parameter to avoid redundant unmap/remap operations This provides a fallback mechansim to ensure migration succeeds even when large page allocation fails at the destination. [matthew.brost@intel.com: add THP splitting during migration] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251120230825.181072-2-matthew.brost@intel.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251001065707.920170-12-balbirs@nvidia.com Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <balbirs@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Matthew Brost <matthew.brost@intel.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Cc: Rakie Kim <rakie.kim@sk.com> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul@sk.com> Cc: Gregory Price <gourry@gourry.net> Cc: Ying Huang <ying.huang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: "Liam R. Howlett" <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: Lyude Paul <lyude@redhat.com> Cc: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org> Cc: David Airlie <airlied@gmail.com> Cc: Simona Vetter <simona@ffwll.ch> Cc: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com> Cc: Mika Penttilä <mpenttil@redhat.com> Cc: Francois Dugast <francois.dugast@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24mm/memremap: add driver callback support for folio splittingBalbir Singh1-0/+29
When a zone device page is split (via huge pmd folio split). The driver callback for folio_split is invoked to let the device driver know that the folio size has been split into a smaller order. Provide a default implementation for drivers that do not provide this callback that copies the pgmap and mapping fields for the split folios. Update the HMM test driver to handle the split. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251001065707.920170-11-balbirs@nvidia.com Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <balbirs@nvidia.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Cc: Rakie Kim <rakie.kim@sk.com> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul@sk.com> Cc: Gregory Price <gourry@gourry.net> Cc: Ying Huang <ying.huang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: "Liam R. Howlett" <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: Lyude Paul <lyude@redhat.com> Cc: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org> Cc: David Airlie <airlied@gmail.com> Cc: Simona Vetter <simona@ffwll.ch> Cc: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com> Cc: Mika Penttilä <mpenttil@redhat.com> Cc: Matthew Brost <matthew.brost@intel.com> Cc: Francois Dugast <francois.dugast@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24lib/test_hmm: add zone device private THP test infrastructureBalbir Singh1-0/+12
Enhance the hmm test driver (lib/test_hmm) with support for THP pages. A new pool of free_folios() has now been added to the dmirror device, which can be allocated when a request for a THP zone device private page is made. Add compound page awareness to the allocation function during normal migration and fault based migration. These routines also copy folio_nr_pages() when moving data between system memory and device memory. args.src and args.dst used to hold migration entries are now dynamically allocated (as they need to hold HPAGE_PMD_NR entries or more). Split and migrate support will be added in future patches in this series. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251001065707.920170-10-balbirs@nvidia.com Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <balbirs@nvidia.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Cc: Rakie Kim <rakie.kim@sk.com> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul@sk.com> Cc: Gregory Price <gourry@gourry.net> Cc: Ying Huang <ying.huang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: "Liam R. Howlett" <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: Lyude Paul <lyude@redhat.com> Cc: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org> Cc: David Airlie <airlied@gmail.com> Cc: Simona Vetter <simona@ffwll.ch> Cc: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com> Cc: Mika Penttilä <mpenttil@redhat.com> Cc: Matthew Brost <matthew.brost@intel.com> Cc: Francois Dugast <francois.dugast@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24mm/memory/fault: add THP fault handling for zone device private pagesBalbir Singh1-0/+7
Implement CPU fault handling for zone device THP entries through do_huge_pmd_device_private(), enabling transparent migration of device-private large pages back to system memory on CPU access. When the CPU accesses a zone device THP entry, the fault handler calls the device driver's migrate_to_ram() callback to migrate the entire large page back to system memory. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251001065707.920170-9-balbirs@nvidia.com Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <balbirs@nvidia.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Cc: Rakie Kim <rakie.kim@sk.com> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul@sk.com> Cc: Gregory Price <gourry@gourry.net> Cc: Ying Huang <ying.huang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: "Liam R. Howlett" <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: Lyude Paul <lyude@redhat.com> Cc: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org> Cc: David Airlie <airlied@gmail.com> Cc: Simona Vetter <simona@ffwll.ch> Cc: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com> Cc: Mika Penttilä <mpenttil@redhat.com> Cc: Matthew Brost <matthew.brost@intel.com> Cc: Francois Dugast <francois.dugast@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24mm/migrate_device: implement THP migration of zone device pagesBalbir Singh1-0/+2
MIGRATE_VMA_SELECT_COMPOUND will be used to select THP pages during migrate_vma_setup() and MIGRATE_PFN_COMPOUND will make migrating device pages as compound pages during device pfn migration. migrate_device code paths go through the collect, setup and finalize phases of migration. The entries in src and dst arrays passed to these functions still remain at a PAGE_SIZE granularity. When a compound page is passed, the first entry has the PFN along with MIGRATE_PFN_COMPOUND and other flags set (MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE, MIGRATE_PFN_VALID), the remaining entries (HPAGE_PMD_NR - 1) are filled with 0's. This representation allows for the compound page to be split into smaller page sizes. migrate_vma_collect_hole(), migrate_vma_collect_pmd() are now THP page aware. Two new helper functions migrate_vma_collect_huge_pmd() and migrate_vma_insert_huge_pmd_page() have been added. migrate_vma_collect_huge_pmd() can collect THP pages, but if for some reason this fails, there is fallback support to split the folio and migrate it. migrate_vma_insert_huge_pmd_page() closely follows the logic of migrate_vma_insert_page() Support for splitting pages as needed for migration will follow in later patches in this series. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251001065707.920170-8-balbirs@nvidia.com Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <balbirs@nvidia.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Cc: Rakie Kim <rakie.kim@sk.com> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul@sk.com> Cc: Gregory Price <gourry@gourry.net> Cc: Ying Huang <ying.huang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: "Liam R. Howlett" <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: Lyude Paul <lyude@redhat.com> Cc: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org> Cc: David Airlie <airlied@gmail.com> Cc: Simona Vetter <simona@ffwll.ch> Cc: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com> Cc: Mika Penttilä <mpenttil@redhat.com> Cc: Matthew Brost <matthew.brost@intel.com> Cc: Francois Dugast <francois.dugast@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24mm/huge_memory: add device-private THP support to PMD operationsBalbir Singh1-0/+32
Extend core huge page management functions to handle device-private THP entries. This enables proper handling of large device-private folios in fundamental MM operations. The following functions have been updated: - copy_huge_pmd(): Handle device-private entries during fork/clone - zap_huge_pmd(): Properly free device-private THP during munmap - change_huge_pmd(): Support protection changes on device-private THP - __pte_offset_map(): Add device-private entry awareness Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251001065707.920170-4-balbirs@nvidia.com Signed-off-by: Matthew Brost <matthew.brost@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <balbirs@nvidia.com> Acked-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Cc: Rakie Kim <rakie.kim@sk.com> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul@sk.com> Cc: Gregory Price <gourry@gourry.net> Cc: Ying Huang <ying.huang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: "Liam R. Howlett" <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: Lyude Paul <lyude@redhat.com> Cc: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org> Cc: David Airlie <airlied@gmail.com> Cc: Simona Vetter <simona@ffwll.ch> Cc: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com> Cc: Mika Penttilä <mpenttil@redhat.com> Cc: Francois Dugast <francois.dugast@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24mm/zone_device: rename page_free callback to folio_freeBalbir Singh1-3/+3
Change page_free to folio_free to make the folio support for zone device-private more consistent. The PCI P2PDMA callback has also been updated and changed to folio_free() as a result. For drivers that do not support folios (yet), the folio is converted back into page via &folio->page and the page is used as is, in the current callback implementation. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251001065707.920170-3-balbirs@nvidia.com Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <balbirs@nvidia.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Cc: Rakie Kim <rakie.kim@sk.com> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul@sk.com> Cc: Gregory Price <gourry@gourry.net> Cc: Ying Huang <ying.huang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: "Liam R. Howlett" <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: Lyude Paul <lyude@redhat.com> Cc: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org> Cc: David Airlie <airlied@gmail.com> Cc: Simona Vetter <simona@ffwll.ch> Cc: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com> Cc: Mika Penttilä <mpenttil@redhat.com> Cc: Matthew Brost <matthew.brost@intel.com> Cc: Francois Dugast <francois.dugast@intel.com> Cc: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu> Cc: Felix Kuehling <Felix.Kuehling@amd.com> Cc: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com> Cc: "Christian König" <christian.koenig@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24mm/zone_device: support large zone device private foliosBalbir Singh1-1/+9
Patch series "mm: support device-private THP", v7. This patch series introduces support for Transparent Huge Page (THP) migration in zone device-private memory. The implementation enables efficient migration of large folios between system memory and device-private memory Background Current zone device-private memory implementation only supports PAGE_SIZE granularity, leading to: - Increased TLB pressure - Inefficient migration between CPU and device memory This series extends the existing zone device-private infrastructure to support THP, leading to: - Reduced page table overhead - Improved memory bandwidth utilization - Seamless fallback to base pages when needed In my local testing (using lib/test_hmm) and a throughput test, the series shows a 350% improvement in data transfer throughput and a 80% improvement in latency These patches build on the earlier posts by Ralph Campbell [1] Two new flags are added in vma_migration to select and mark compound pages. migrate_vma_setup(), migrate_vma_pages() and migrate_vma_finalize() support migration of these pages when MIGRATE_VMA_SELECT_COMPOUND is passed in as arguments. The series also adds zone device awareness to (m)THP pages along with fault handling of large zone device private pages. page vma walk and the rmap code is also zone device aware. Support has also been added for folios that might need to be split in the middle of migration (when the src and dst do not agree on MIGRATE_PFN_COMPOUND), that occurs when src side of the migration can migrate large pages, but the destination has not been able to allocate large pages. The code supported and used folio_split() when migrating THP pages, this is used when MIGRATE_VMA_SELECT_COMPOUND is not passed as an argument to migrate_vma_setup(). The test infrastructure lib/test_hmm.c has been enhanced to support THP migration. A new ioctl to emulate failure of large page allocations has been added to test the folio split code path. hmm-tests.c has new test cases for huge page migration and to test the folio split path. A new throughput test has been added as well. The nouveau dmem code has been enhanced to use the new THP migration capability. mTHP support: The patches hard code, HPAGE_PMD_NR in a few places, but the code has been kept generic to support various order sizes. With additional refactoring of the code support of different order sizes should be possible. The future plan is to post enhancements to support mTHP with a rough design as follows: 1. Add the notion of allowable thp orders to the HMM based test driver 2. For non PMD based THP paths in migrate_device.c, check to see if a suitable order is found and supported by the driver 3. Iterate across orders to check the highest supported order for migration 4. Migrate and finalize The mTHP patches can be built on top of this series, the key design elements that need to be worked out are infrastructure and driver support for multiple ordered pages and their migration. HMM support for large folios was added in 10b9feee2d0d ("mm/hmm: populate PFNs from PMD swap entry"). This patch (of 16) Add routines to support allocation of large order zone device folios and helper functions for zone device folios, to check if a folio is device private and helpers for setting zone device data. When large folios are used, the existing page_free() callback in pgmap is called when the folio is freed, this is true for both PAGE_SIZE and higher order pages. Zone device private large folios do not support deferred split and scan like normal THP folios. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251001065707.920170-1-balbirs@nvidia.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20251001065707.920170-2-balbirs@nvidia.com Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20201106005147.20113-1-rcampbell@nvidia.com/ [1] Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <balbirs@nvidia.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Cc: Rakie Kim <rakie.kim@sk.com> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul@sk.com> Cc: Gregory Price <gourry@gourry.net> Cc: Ying Huang <ying.huang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: "Liam R. Howlett" <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: Lyude Paul <lyude@redhat.com> Cc: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org> Cc: David Airlie <airlied@gmail.com> Cc: Simona Vetter <simona@ffwll.ch> Cc: Ralph Campbell <rcampbell@nvidia.com> Cc: Mika Penttilä <mpenttil@redhat.com> Cc: Matthew Brost <matthew.brost@intel.com> Cc: Francois Dugast <francois.dugast@intel.com> Cc: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu> Cc: Felix Kuehling <Felix.Kuehling@amd.com> Cc: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com> Cc: "Christian König" <christian.koenig@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2025-11-24KVM: arm64: GICv2: Handle deactivation via GICV_DIR trapsMarc Zyngier1-0/+1
Add the plumbing of GICv2 interrupt deactivation via GICV_DIR. This requires adding a new device so that we can easily decode the DIR address. The deactivation itself is very similar to the GICv3 version. Tested-by: Fuad Tabba <tabba@google.com> Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org> Tested-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org> Link: https://msgid.link/20251120172540.2267180-39-maz@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Oliver Upton <oupton@kernel.org>
2025-11-24KVM: arm64: GICv3: Add SPI tracking to handle asymmetric deactivationMarc Zyngier1-0/+3
SPIs are specially annpying, as they can be activated on a CPU and deactivated on another. WHich means that when an SPI is in flight anywhere, all CPUs need to have their TDIR trap bit set. This translates into broadcasting an IPI across all CPUs to make sure they set their trap bit, The number of in-flight SPIs is kept in an atomic variable so that CPUs can turn the trap bit off as soon as possible. Tested-by: Fuad Tabba <tabba@google.com> Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org> Tested-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org> Link: https://msgid.link/20251120172540.2267180-32-maz@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Oliver Upton <oupton@kernel.org>
2025-11-24KVM: arm64: GICv3: Handle deactivation via ICV_DIR_EL1 trapsMarc Zyngier1-0/+1